Abstract: This paper investigates the problem of additional PWM losses in electrically excited synchronous machines caused by current harmonics during operation with a voltage source inverter. The ...

Abstract: Dual three-phase (DTP) electric machines are increasingly favored in industrial applications and automotive electric drive systems. Different machine types are used in different scenarios ...

Estimation of item difficulty is essential in language test development, but recent attention has shifted toward the need also to explain and predict it. This has practical implications for item ...