Abstract: Multi-scalar multiplication (MSM) is the primary computational bottleneck in zero-knowledge proof protocols. To address this, we introduce FAMA, an FPGA-oriented MSM accelerator developed ...
Abstract: Elliptic curve-based zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) protocols typically use multi-scalar multiplication (MSM) as a key primitive, making it one of the major performance bottlenecks in real-world ...
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