Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles have a high refractive index (n = 2.4), making them ideal for various applications, including medicines, coatings, inks, plastics, food, cosmetics, and textiles.

Since the first discovery of photocatalytic water splitting on a TiO2 electrode under ultraviolet (UV) light, TiO2 materials have been widely investigated over the past few decades due to their unique ...

Plant agronomic traits including plant height, shoot and leaf fresh and dry weights and leaf number were recorded at the harvest stage. For this purpose, five plants from each treatment were randomly ...

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films are highly versatile materials, notable for their chemical stability, non-toxicity and wide spectral absorption edge. They exist chiefly in anatase and rutile ...