The trade-offs necessary to choose a fluid involve a consideration of application requirements such as health, safety, and environmental effects, and fluid properties such as viscosity, stability, ...

Textbook formulas for describing heat flow characteristics, crucial in many industries, are oversimplified, study shows. Whether it's water flowing across a condenser plate in an industrial plant, or ...

New work could help design electronic devices in which heat can be guided in certain directions, minimizing heat loss ...