Earth system box models are essential tools for reconstructing long-term climatic and environmental evolution and uncovering ...

Earth system models (ESMs) integrate the interactions of atmosphere, ocean, land, ice, and biosphere to estimate the state of regional and global climate under a wide variety of conditions. A model ...

The term 'Digital Twin of the Earth' creates the idea of the availability of a highly accurate virtual copy of our planet, enabling researchers to predict the most complex future climate developments ...

Researchers uncover how Mars affects Earth’s orbit, offering new insight into the planetary forces behind ice ages.

In a time of increasing climate variability, researchers Pengfei Xue and Miraj B. Kayastha have developed regional Earth system models to better understand and predict extreme weather and ...

A developing pyrocumulonimbus cloud above Oregon's Gulch Fire, part of the Beaver Complex Fire, in 2014. On September 5, 2020, California’s Creek Fire grew so severe that it began producing it’s own ...

A snapshot of simulated climate conditions. Blue/red shading: sea surface temperature deviations from zonal mean; gray/white shading: low clouds; green/pink shading: 10m wind speed; blue/yellow ...

In 2020, California’s Creek Fire became so intense that it generated its own thunderstorm, a phenomenon called a pyrocumulonimbus cloud. For years, scientists struggled to replicate these explosive ...

Thin, seasonal ice may have protected ancient lakes on Mars, allowing liquid water to last for decades despite cold ...