“Disclosure Day” hews closer to “Minority Report,” with a man on the run from menacing forces.

But his highly anticipated return to the sci-fi summer blockbuster, the brilliant and beguiling “Disclosure Day,” is Spielberg’s most shameless appeal toward idealism yet.

Since emerging from the New Hollywood movement of the 1970s, where the success of his Jaws forever altered the trajectory of the movie-theater business, Spielberg has left an inimitable imprint on eve...